JIS Z3703-2004 焊接.预热温度、程间温度和预热维修温度的测量指南
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【英文标准名称】:Welding--Guidanceonthemeasurementofpreheatingtemperature,interpasstemperatureandpreheatmaintenancetemperature
【原文标准名称】:焊接.预热温度、程间温度和预热维修温度的测量指南
【标准号】:JISZ3703-2004
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:日本
【发布日期】:2004-05-20
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:日本工业标准调查会(JP-JISC)
【起草单位】:TechnicalCommitteeonWelding
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:この規格は,溶融溶接を行うときの予熱温度,パス間温度及び予熱保持根温度の測定方法について規定する。この規格は,他の適用可能な溶接方法の場合について準用してもよい。この規格は,溶接後熱処理温度の測定には適用しない。
【中国标准分类号】:J33
【国际标准分类号】:25_160_10
【页数】:6P;A4
【正文语种】:日语
【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforSurfaceWettabilityofCoatings,SubstratesandPigmentsbyAdvancingContactAngleMeasurement
【原文标准名称】:用前进接触角法测量涂料、颜料和基质的表面润湿性的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMD7334-2008
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2008
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D01.23
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:advancingcontactangle;contactangle;surfacetension;wettability;wetting
【摘要】:Thisstandardisusefulforcharacterizingthewettabilityofsurfaces.Asurfacethatiseasytowetisoneoverwhichacoatingismorelikelytogivegoodadhesionandappearanceandlesslikelytosuffersurfacetensionrelateddefectssuchascrawling,cratering,pinholingandorangepeel.Thisstandardalsocanbeusedtotestpigmentsurfacesforwettability,particularlybypotentialsurfactant-orresin-baseddispersantsormillbases.Easilywettedpigmentsaremorelikelytobeeasytodisperseanddispersants/millbasesthatwetpigmentsofinterestaremorelikelytodispersethosepigmentswell.Althoughthecontactangleisgovernedbythesurfacetensionsofthetestliquidandtestsurface,theanglecannotprovideasurfacetensionvaluedirectly.Alowadvancingcontactanglevalue(x003C;45x00B0;)isindicativeofwettingandanglesof10to20x00BA;areindicativeofexcellentwetting.Watercanbeusedasatestliquidtoestablish(viatheadvancingcontactangle)whetherasurfaceishydrophilic(anglex003C;45x00BA;),hydrophobic(angle>90x00BA;)orsomewherein-between(angleof45to90x00BA;).Watercontactangleshavebeenusedtoestimatesurfacecleanlinessbeforeandaftercleaningoperations,easeofwettabilityofsurfacesbywaterbornecoatingsandtheeffectivenessofrinsingprocesses.Anorganicliquidsuchasasolventalsocanbeusedtocharacterizeasubstrate,coatingorpigment.Theresultantcontactanglewilldependonthesurfacetensionsoftheliquidandthetestsurface.Alowsurfacetension(energy)testsurfacewillnotbewetbyahighsurfacetensionliquid.Inadditiontowaterandsolvents,asurfactantdispersionordispersantsolutioncanbeusedtotestapigmentsurface.Anytestliquidthatisapotentialdispersantforatestpigmentmustwetthepigmentwelloritwillnotworkasadispersant.Contactanglemeasurementscanbeusedtomapsurfacesintermsofhydrophilicity,presenceoflowsurfacetensioncomponentsorcontaminants,orvariationsincomposition.Otheranalyticalmethodssuchasinfraredmicroscopywouldbeneededtoidentifythechemicalmoietiesthatgivethecontactangledifferences.Thistestmethodcanbeusedonnearlyallcoatingsandsubstratesandmaybeextendedtopigmentsbycompressingthepigmentpowderintoasoliddisk.1.1Thispracticecoversthemeasurementoftheangleofcontactwhenadropofliquidisappliedtoacoatedsurface,substrate,orpreformeddiskofpigment.1.2Therearetwotypesofcontactangles,advancingandreceding.Thisstandarddealsonlywithadvancingcontactangles.1.3Thispracticeisintendedtosupplementthemanufacturerx2019;sinstructionsforthedevicebeingusedtomakethemeasurements,butisnotintendedtoreplacethem.1.4Acommontestliquidiswater,butmanyotherliquidssuchassolvents,surfactantanddispersantsolutionsandevenliquidpaintscanbeused.1.5Thispracticeisbasedongoniometry,whichinvolvestheobservationofasessiledropoftestliquidonasolidsubstrate.1.6Althoughcontactanglesaregovernedbysurfacetension,thisstandardcannotbeusedtomeasuresurfacetensiondirectly.1.7ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesareforinformationonly.1.8Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithits......
【中国标准分类号】:G51
【国际标准分类号】:87_040
【页数】:3P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:Explosiveatmospheres-Part29-4:gasdetectors-Performancerequirementsofopenpathdetectorsforflammablegases.
【原文标准名称】:易爆气体环境.第29-4部分:瓦斯探测器.易燃性气体用开路式探测器的性能要求
【标准号】:NFC23-579-29-4-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:2010-06-01
【实施或试行日期】:2010-06-19
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(FR-AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:吸收;分析仪;燃烧气体;定义;检测;检波器(回路);电气器具;电气设备;电气工程;电驱动装置;防爆;爆炸安全;爆炸性环境;防火安全;可燃性环境;易燃材料;气体浓度;气体检测器;气体测量仪器;气体混合物;测量;测量仪器;测量技术;工作性能;潜在爆炸物;性能;安全工程;安全性要求;光谱的;火焰表面传播;试验设备;试验
【英文主题词】:Absorption;Analyzers;Burninggases;Definitions;Detection;Detectors(circuits);Electricappliances;Electricalappliances;Electricalengineering;Electrically-operateddevices;Explosionprotection;Explosionsecurity;Explosiveatmospheres;Firesafety;Flammableatmospheres;Flammablematerials;Gasconcentrations;Gasdetectors;Gasmeasuringinstruments;Gasmixtures;Measurement;Measuringinstruments;Measuringtechniques;Performanceinservice;Potentiallyexplosivematerials;Properties;Safetyengineering;Safetyrequirements;Spectral;Surfacespreadofflame;Testequipment;Testing
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:C81
【国际标准分类号】:13_320;29_260_20
【页数】:41P;A4
【正文语种】:其他
